{"id":1486,"date":"2017-08-10T21:34:53","date_gmt":"2017-08-11T02:34:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/?p=1486"},"modified":"2020-09-28T08:31:03","modified_gmt":"2020-09-28T12:31:03","slug":"ancient-filipino-poems-and-baybayin-calligraphy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/?p=1486","title":{"rendered":"Baybayin Calligraphy"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_1537\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1537\" style=\"width: 660px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1537\" src=\"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Twopoems2-small-1024x977.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"660\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Twopoems2-small-1024x977.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Twopoems2-small-300x286.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Twopoems2-small-768x732.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Twopoems2-small-700x668.jpg 700w, http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Twopoems2-small.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 660px) 100vw, 660px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1537\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two ancient Filipino poems in traditional Baybayin. (Calligraphy \u00a9 2017 Henry Del Rosario)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Two Ancient Filipino Poems<\/h2>\n<pre>Buw\u00e1ng pangino\u00f3n k\u00f3,\npayam\u00e1nin m\u00f3 ak\u00f3.<\/pre>\n<p>\u201cMy Moon Lord,<br \/>\nmake me rich.\u201d<br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<pre>Lakap\u00e1ti, pak\u00e1nin\nm\u00f3 yar\u00edng al\u00edpin m\u00f3.\nHuw\u00e1g m\u00f3 p\u00f3ng gut\u00famin.<\/pre>\n<p>\u201cLakapati, feed<br \/>\nthis servant of yours.<br \/>\nDo not let him starve.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I found these two poems after reading Jean-Paul G. Potet&#8217;s &#8220;Baybayin: the Syllabic Alphabet of the Tagalogs&#8221; and Christian Cabuay&#8217;s &#8220;An Introduction to Baybayin.&#8221; What&#8217;s fascinating is that these are poems written before Philippines was the &#8220;Philippines&#8221; (before Spanish colonization)!<\/p>\n<p>The &#8220;Moon Lord&#8221; and the rice-field fertility Goddess, &#8220;Lakapati&#8221; are references to ancient Filipino mythology. Some people may be familiar with the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hinilawod\">Hinilawod<\/a>&#8212; a 30-hour long, oral epic poem from ancient Philippines.<\/p>\n<p>These poems are also composed in heptasyllable lines. Seven syllable lines are a hallmark of other Filipino poetic forms such as the Tanaga or Ambahan.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1538\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1538\" style=\"width: 660px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1538\" src=\"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8318-small2-1024x568.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"660\" height=\"366\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8318-small2-1024x568.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8318-small2-300x167.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8318-small2-768x426.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8318-small2-700x389.jpg 700w, http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8318-small2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 660px) 100vw, 660px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1538\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">In a different calligraphy style (Calligraphy \u00a9 2017 Henry Del Rosario)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Baybayin Script<\/h2>\n<p>According to Potet, a French linguist and Baybayin scholar, Baybayin was originally carved on bamboo and then rubbed with ash to make the letters stand out. He has collected extensive evidence that Filipinos wrote bottom to top as well as left to right. Here are some other high-yield notes about Baybayin:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Baybayin is an ancient, pre-Spanish, Tagalog writing script from the 13th century.<\/li>\n<li>Baybayin is not an alphabet, it is a syllabic script. Notation units traditionally can only represent syllables with inherent vowels. &#8220;Kudlits&#8221; are added to the notation unit to denote vowel changes. For example, there are characters for \u201cba, be, bi, bo, bu\u201d (\u170a\u170a\u1712\u170a\u1712\u170a\u1713\u170a\u1713) but not \u201cb.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>There are only three vowels because the ancient Tagalogs did not distinguish between the pronunciations of i and e, or u and o until Western and Spanish words entered their language.<\/li>\n<li>Traditional Baybayin cannot show final consonants. For example, the letters n and k in a word like bund\u00f3k (mountain) were omitted, so that it was spelled bu-do (\u170a\u1713\u1707\u1713).<\/li>\n<li>In 1621, Father Lopez created the cross \u201ckudlit\u201d ( + ) that cancels a vowel. Therefore, \u201cb\u201d without a vowel can be represented with a little cross (\u170a\u1714\u1714\u1714\u1714). In the 1900s, Antoon Postma created the \u201cpamudp\u00f3\u201d which is another method of notation to cancel a vowel. \u201cb\u201d can be represented as \u170a\u1734.<\/li>\n<li>Traditionally, there are no \u201cch, f, j, q, sh, th, v, x, or z\u201d sounds in Tagalog and thus no Baybayin equivalent. Modern Baybayin approximates those sounds (\u201cj\u201d = \u201c\u1707\u1712\u170c\u201d; ie. \u201cJoey\u201d = di-yo-i = \u1707\u1712\u170c\u1713\u1701)<\/li>\n<li>There is only one character for \u201cda\u201d and \u201cra.\u201d Pronunciation depends on placement of the syllable within the word. In modern Filipino, when a \u201cd\u201d is between two vowels, it becomes an \u201cr\u201d as in the words dami&nbsp;(a multitude, \u1707\u170b\u1712) and&nbsp;marami&nbsp;(many, \u170b\u170d\u170b\u1712).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>*If you see only squares above where Baybayin script should be, you need to download a Baybayin font. Links below.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Baybayin Letters<\/h2>\n<h2><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1489\" src=\"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Baybayin-syllabary.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"621\" height=\"140\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Baybayin-syllabary.png 621w, http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Baybayin-syllabary-300x68.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 621px) 100vw, 621px\" \/><\/h2>\n<h2>Links<\/h2>\n<p>I&#8217;ll be studying more Baybayin and ink calligraphy. Until then, I also included some good links I&#8217;ve found:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>See more calligraphy and art on my <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/henryrdr\/\"><strong>Instagram:<\/strong> https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/henryrdr\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Amazing Baybayin resource by Paul Morrow at<\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/paulmorrow.ca\/bayeng1.htm\">http:\/\/paulmorrow.ca\/bayeng1.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Fastest way to learn Baybayin (free online course):<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.memrise.com\/course\/196548\/beginning-baybayin\/\">https:\/\/www.memrise.com\/course\/196548\/beginning-baybayin\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Baybayin keyboard for Mac:<\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/nordenx.blogspot.com\/2012\/05\/baybayin-unicode-keyboard-layout.html\">http:\/\/nordenx.blogspot.com\/2012\/05\/baybayin-unicode-keyboard-layout.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Baybayin typefaces\/fonts:<\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/paulmorrow.ca\/fonts.htm\">http:\/\/paulmorrow.ca\/fonts.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>An academic, linguistic book:<\/strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/a.co\/iA9UdkE\">Jean-Paul G. Potet&#8217;s &#8220;Baybayin: the Syllabic Alphabet of the Tagalogs&#8221;<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>A layman&#8217;s 40-page intro to Baybayin:<\/strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/a.co\/1zZO5Aa\">Christian Cabuay&#8217;s &#8220;An Introduction to Baybayin.&#8221;<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Two Ancient Filipino Poems Buw\u00e1ng pangino\u00f3n k\u00f3, payam\u00e1nin m\u00f3 ak\u00f3. \u201cMy Moon Lord, make me rich.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1495,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[52,32,50,44],"class_list":["post-1486","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-verbal","tag-aboutwriting","tag-art-design","tag-baybayin","tag-filipino","column","threecol","has-thumbnail"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small.jpg",1000,429,false],"thumbnail":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small-300x129.jpg",300,129,true],"medium_large":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small-768x329.jpg",660,283,true],"large":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small.jpg",660,283,false],"1536x1536":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small.jpg",1000,429,false],"2048x2048":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small.jpg",1000,429,false],"slider-thumb":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small-1000x395.jpg",1000,395,true],"blog-thumb":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small-700x300.jpg",700,300,true],"teaser-thumb":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small-332x205.jpg",332,205,true],"gallery-1-thumb":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small-432x429.jpg",432,429,true],"gallery-2-thumb":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small-268x268.jpg",268,268,true],"gallery-3-thumb":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small-268x164.jpg",268,164,true],"image-thumb":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small-700x300.jpg",700,300,true],"video-thumb":["http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/DSLR-8315-small-700x393.jpg",700,393,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Del Rosario Henry","author_link":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/?author=1"},"uagb_comment_info":9,"uagb_excerpt":"Two Ancient Filipino Poems Buw\u00e1ng pangino\u00f3n k\u00f3, payam\u00e1nin m\u00f3 ak\u00f3. \u201cMy Moon Lord, make me rich.\u201d","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1486","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1486"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1486\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2490,"href":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1486\/revisions\/2490"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1495"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1486"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1486"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.henrydelrosario.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1486"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}